Abstract: This paper examines how religious subsidies contributed to the rise of Evangelicals and the decline of the Catholic church, a commonly observed trend in the Christian world. Using the Brazilian experience as a showcase, we build and estimate a dynamic game of church entry using temple entry/exit data across municipalities for 1991-2018. Our counterfactual analysis shows that Evangelicals gain market share from Catholics as tax exemptions increase entry of smaller churches. By combining DiD estimates and our counterfactual scenario, we show that the vote share of the Congressional Evangelical caucus would have been 20% lower if state subsidies had been removed.