Research at CBE
The researchers at the Centre for Business Economics publish articles in the leading international journals.
These journals include the American Economic Review, the Economic Journal, the Journal of International Business Studies, Management Science, Marketing Science, the RAND Journal of Economics and the Review of Economic Studies.
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2022
2022
- Arve, M., Foros, Ø. and Kind, H.J., 2022, Access price structure and entrant build-or-buy incentives in mobile markets. Journal of Regulatory Economics.
- Juranek, S., Nilsen, Ø. A. and Ulsaker, S., 2022, Bank Consolidation, Interest Rates, and Risk: A Post-Merger Analysis Based on Loan-Level Data from the Corporate Sector. Journal of Competition Law & Economics.
- Brekke, K. R., Dalen, D. M. and Straume, O. R., 2022, Paying for pharmaceuticals: uniform pricing versus two-part tariffs. Journal of Health Economics
- Kvaløy, O. and Olsen, T. E., 2022, Balanced Scorecards: A Relational Contract Approach. Journal of Accounting Research
- Juranek, S., 2022, Responsible Investment and Stock Market Shocks: Short-Term Insurance without Persistence British Journal of Management
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2021
2021
- Nilsen, Ø., Skuterud, H. and Webster, I. 2021, Price change synchronization within and between firms. Economics Letters
- Sæthre, M., Reme, B. and Røhr, H. 2021, Inattention in Contract Markets: Evidence from a Consolidation of Options in Telecom. Management Science.
- Arve, M. and O. Chiappinelli, 2021, The Role of Budget Constraints in Sequential Elimination Tournaments. Scandinavian Journal of Economics.
- Brekke, K. R., Canta, C., Siciliani, L. and Straume, O. R., 2021, Hospital competition in a national health service: Evidence from a patient choice reform. Journal of Health Economics
- Ellingsen, T. and Kristiansen, E. G., 2021, Fair and Square: A Retention Model of Managerial Compensation. Management Science
Price change synchronization within and between firms
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2020
2020
- Foros, Ø., M. Nguyen-Ones and F. Steen. 2020. The Effects of a Day off from Retail Price Competition: Evidence on Consumer Behavior and Firm Performance in Gasoline Retailing. International Journal of the Economics of Business.
- Foros, Ø. and M. Nguyen-Ones. 2020. Coordinate to obfuscate? The role of prior announcements of recommended prices. Economics Letters.
- Watson, Joel, David A. Miller, and Trond E. Olsen. 2020. Relational Contracting, Negotiation, and External Enforcement. American Economic Review, 110 (7): 2153-97.
- Nilsen, Ø.A., A. Raknerud and D.-C. Iancu, 2020,
Public R&D support and firm performance: A multivariate dose-response analysis,
Research Policy, 49(7). - Brekke, K.R., T.H. Holmås, K. Monstad and O. Rune, 2020,
How does the type of remuneration affect physician behavior?
American Journal of Health Economics, 6(1). - Gravelle, H. and F. Schroyen, 2020,
Optimal hospital payment rules under rationing by waiting
Journal of Health Economics, 70. - Juranek, S. and U. Walz, 2020,
Organizational Design, Competition, and Financial Exchanges,
Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 122, 132-163. - Freiwald, N.E., S. Juranek and U. Walz, 2020,
On the economic geography of dual distribution — The case of McDonald’s in Germany,
Economics Letters, 191. - Juranek, S., T. Quan and J.L. Turner, 2020,
Patents, Litigation Strategy and Antitrust in Innovative Industries,
Review of Industrial Organization, 56, 667-696.
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2019
2019
- Hyytinen, A., F. Steen and O. Toivanen, 2019,
An Anatomy of Cartel Contracts,
Economic Journal, 129, 2155–2191. - Chi, C.K., P. Murto and J. Välimäki, 2019,
All-pay Auctions with Affiliated Binary Signals,
Journal of Economic Theory, 179, 99-130. - Anderson, S.P., Ø. Foros and H.J. Kind, 2019,
The importance of consumer multihoming (joint purchases) for market performance: Mergers and entry in media markets,
Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 28 (1), page 125 - 137. - Foros, Ø., H.J. Kind and T. Wyndham, 2019,
Tax-free digital news?
International Journal of Industrial Organization, 66, 119-136. - Brekke, K.R., T.H. Holmås, K. Monstad and O. Rune, 2019,
Competition and physician behaviour: Does the competitive environment affect the propensity to issue sickness certificates?
Journal of Health Economics, 66, 117-135. - Duell, D. and J. Valasek, 2019,
Political polarization and selection in representative democracies
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 168, 132-165. - Fjell, K. and P. Debashis, 2019,
On repeated myopic use of the inverse elasticity pricing rule,
Economics Letters, 175, 12-14. - Nilsen, Ø.A. and M. Vange, 2019,
Intermittent Price Changes in Production Plants: Empirical Evidence using Monthly Data,
Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 81(1), 98-122. - May, N.G. and Ø.A. Nilsen, 2019,
The Local Economic Impact of Wind Power Deployment,
FinanzArchiv / Public Finance Analysis, 75, 56-92. - Durmaz, T. and F. Schrozen, 2019,
Evaluating carbon capture and storage in a climate model with endogenous technical change,
Climate Change Economics, 11(1).
- Hyytinen, A., F. Steen and O. Toivanen, 2019,
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2018
2018
- Anderson, S. P., Ø. Foros, and H. J. Kind, 2018,
Competition for advertisers and for viewers in media markets,
The Economic Journal, 128(608), 34-54. - Gilbert, R. and E.G. Kristiansen, 2018,
Licensing and Innovation with Imperfect Contract Enforcement,
Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 27(2), 297-314. - Juranek, S., 2018,
Investing in legal advice,
Information Economics and Policy, 44, 28-46. - Haus, A. and S. Juranek, 2018,
Non-practicing entities: Enforcement Specialists?,
International Review of Law and Economics, 53, 67-84. - Bratlie, J., Nilsen, Ø.A. and P.M. Pettersen, 2018,
Time-Dependency in Producers’ Price Adjustments: Evidence from Micro Panel Data,
Review of Economics / Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftswissenschaften, 69(2), 147-168. - Nilsen, Ø.A., 2018, The labor market in Norway, 2000–2016,
IZA World of Labor, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), article #424, 2018.
- Anderson, S. P., Ø. Foros, and H. J. Kind, 2018,
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2017
2017
- Foros, Ø., H.J. Kind and G. Shaffer, 2017,
Apple's Agency Model and the Role of Most-Favored-Nation Clauses,
The Rand Journal of Economics, 48(3), 673-703. - Chi, C.K. and K.J. Choi, 2017,
The impact of firm size on dynamic incentives and Investment,
The Rand Journal of Economics, 48 (1), 147-177. - I. Lazkano, L. Nøstbakken, and M. Pelli, 2017,
From fossil fuels to renewables: The role of electricity storage,
European Economic Review, 99, 113-129. - Anderson, S. P., Ø. Foros, and H. J. Kind, 2017,
Product Functionality, Competititon, and Multi-Purchasing,
International Economic Review, 58(1), 183-210. - Choi, J.P., E.G. Kristiansen, and J. Naehm, 2017,
Communication of soft information: Reputation andimperfect enforcement of reporting quality,
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 136, 91-106. - Brekke, K.R., L. Siciliani and O.R. Straume, 2017,
Hospital Mergers with Regulated Prices,
The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 119 (3), 597-627. - B. Boskovic and L. Nøstbakken, 2017,
The cost of endangered species protection: Evidence from auctions for natural resources,
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 81, 174-192. - Kind, H.J. and M. Koethenburger, 2017,
Taxation in digitalmedia markets,
Journal of Public Economic Theory, 20(1), 673-703. - Garcia-Pires, A., H.J. Kind and L. Sørgard, 2017,
The effects of strategic news sources on media coverage,
Information Economics and Policy, 41, 28-35. - Kvaløy, O., M. Luzuriaga, and T.E. Olsen, 2017,
A trust game in loss domain,
Experimental Economics, 20 (4), 860-877. - Nilsen, Ø.A., A. Raknerud and T. Skjerpen, 2017,
Estimation of a model for matched panel data with high-dimensional two-way unobserved heterogeneity,
Empirical Economics, 53, 1657-1680. - Brekke, K.R., L. Siciliani and O.R. Straume, 2017,
Horizontal mergers and product quality,
Canadian Journal of Economics, 50 (4), 1063-1103. - Brekke, K.R. and O.R. Straume, 2017,
Competition policy for health care provision in Norway,
Health Policy, 121(2), 134-140.
- Foros, Ø., H.J. Kind and G. Shaffer, 2017,
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2016
2016
- Nøstbakken, L. and Lazkano, I., 2016,
Quota Enforcement and Capital Investment in Natural Resource Industries,
Marine Resource Economics, 31(3), 339-354. - Kvaløy, O. and T.E. Olsen, 2016,
Incentive Provision when Contracting is Costly,
Economica 83, 741-767. - Ø.A. Nilsen, L. Sørgard and S.A. Ulsaker, 2016,
Upstream merger in a successive oligopoly. Who pays the price?,
International Journal of Industrial Organization, 48, 143-172. - Ulsaker, S.A., 2016,
Menu contracts and the division of profits in vertical relationships.
Economics Letters, 138, 72-74. - Schroyen F. and N. Treich, 2016,
The power of money: Wealth effects in contests, Games and Economic Behavior 100, 46-48. - Arve, M. and D. Martimort, 2016,
Dynamic Procurement under Uncertainty: Optimal Design and implications for Incomplete Contracts,
American Economic Review, 106(11), 3238-74. - Arve, M., 2016,
Long-Term Contracts, Irreversibility and Uncertainty,
Journal of Public Economic Theory 18 (5), pp. 764-785. - Chakravorty, U., Hubert, M. H., Moreaux, M. and Nøstbakken, L., 2016,
The Long Run Impact of Biofuels on Food Prices,
The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 119(3), 733-767. - Juranek, S., 2016,
Creating a National Champion - International Competition and Unbundling in Rails Transportation,
Journal of Transport Economics and Policy 50 (1), 56-75. - Canta, C. and M-L. Leroux, 2016,
Public and Private Hospitals, Congestion, and Redistribution,
Journal of Public Economic Theory 18 (1), 42-66. - Nøstbakken, L. and Jensen, F., 2016,
A corporate-crime perspective on fisheries: liability rules and non-compliance,
Environment and Development Economics 21, pp. 371-392. - Andersson, K., Ø. Foros and B. Hansen, 2016,
Empirical evidence on the relationship between mobile termination rates and firms’ profit,
Scandinavian Journal of Economics 118 (1), 129-149. - Kind, H.J., T. Nilssen and L. Sørgard, 2016,
Inter-firm Price Coordination in a Two-sided Market,
International Journal of Industrial Organization 44(1), 101-112. - Ulsaker, S., 2016,
Menu contracts and the division of profits in vertical relationships,
Economics Letters 138, 72-74. - Brekke, K.R., C. Canta and O.R. Straume, 2016,
Reference pricing with endogenous generic entry,
Journal of Health Economics 50, 312-329. - Brekke, K.R., R. Levaggi, L. Siciliani and O.R. Straume, 2016,
Patient mobility and health care quality when regions and patients differ in income,
Journal of Health Economics 50, 372-387.
- Nøstbakken, L. and Lazkano, I., 2016,
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2015
2015
- Kvaløy, O. and T. Olsen,
The tenuous relationship between effort and performance pay,
Journal of Public Economics, 121, pp. 32-39, 2015. - Canta, C. and Dubois, P.,
Smoking within the household: spousal peer effects and children’s health implications",
The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy, 15, pp. 1939-1973, 2015.
- Foros, Ø., H.J. Kind, and L. Sørgard,
Merger policy and regulation in media industries,
in Elsevier’s Handbook of Media Economics, Simon P. Anderson, David Strömberg and Joel Waldfogel (Eds.), 2015. - Brekke, K., L. Siciliani and O.R. Straume,
Hospital competition with soft budgets,
Scandinavian Journal of Economics 117 (3), 2015. - Brekke, K., T.H. Holmås and O. R. Straume,
Price Regulation and Parallel Imports of Pharmaceuticals,
Journal of Public Economics, 129, pp. 92-105, 2015. - Bjorvatn, K., A.B. Milford and L. Sørgard,
Farmers, Middlemen and Exporters: A Model of Market Power, Pricing and Welfare in a Vertical Supply Chain,
Review of Development Economics 19(1), pp. 31–44, 2015.
- Kvaløy, O. and T. Olsen,
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2014
2014
- Arve, M.,
Procurement and Predation: Dynamic Sourcing from Financially Constrained Suppliers,
Journal of Public Economics, 120, 157-168, 2014. - Canta, C. and P. Pestieau,
Long term care and family norms,
The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy (Advances), 14, 401-428, 2014. - Olivella, P. and F. Schroyen,
Multidimensional screening in a monopolistic insurance market,
Geneva Risk and Insurance Review, 39, 90-130, 2014. - Hansen, L.G., F. Jensen and L. Nøstbakken,
Quota enforcement in resource industries: Self reporting and differentiated inspections,
Environmental and Resource Economics, 2014. - Da-Rocha, J.M., L. Nøstbakken and M. Pérez,
Pulse fishing and stock uncertainty,
Environmental and Resource Economics, 2014. - Kverndokk, S., L. Nøstbakken and E. Nævdal
The trade-off between intra- and intergenerational equity in climate policy,
European Economics Review, 2014-
- Balsvik, R. and S. Jensen,
Made in China, sold in Norway: Local labor market effects of an import shock,
Journal of Public Economics, 2014. - Brekke, K., D. M. Dalen and T. Helge Holmås,
Diffusion of Pharmaceuticals: Cross-Country Evidence of Anti-TNF drugs,
The European Journal of Health Economics, 15 (9), pp. 937-951, 2014. - Brekke, K., R. Levaggi, L. Siciliani, and O.R. Straume,
Patient Mobility, Health Care Quality and Welfare,
Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 105, pp. 140-157, 2014. - Clougherty, J., K. Guglerand F., L. Sørgard and W. Szücs,
Cross-border mergers and domestic wages: integrating positive 'spillover' effects and negative bargaining effects,
Journal of International Business Studies 45, pp. 450-470, 2014. - Sørgard, L.,
From research on mergers to merger policy,
International Journal of the Economics of Business, 21 (1), 37-42, 2014. - Fjell, K., Ø. Foros and H.J. Kind,
On the choice of royalty rule to cover fixed costs in input joint ventures,
International Journal of the Economics of Business, 2014. - Daljord, Ø., Ø. Thomassen and L. Sørgard,
Asymmetric Price Increase in Critical Loss Analysis: A Reply to Langenfeld and Li,
Journal of Competition Law and Economics, 10(3), pp. 765-768, 2014.
- Arve, M.,
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2013
2013
- Nøstbakken, L.,
Formal and informal quota enforcement,
Resource and Energy Economics 35, pp. 191-215, 2013. - Schroyen, F.,
Attitudes towards income risk in the presence of quantity constraints,
Geneva Risk and Incurance Review, 38, pp. 183-209, 2013.
- Brekke, K., T.H. Holmås and O.R. Straume,
Margins and market shares: pharmacy incentives for generic substitution,
European Economic Review, 61, pp. 116-131, 2013. - Mathiesen, L., L. Sørgard and J. Skaar,
Electricity production in a hydro system with a reservoir constraint,
Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 115 (2), pp. 575-594, 2013. - Gjendemsjø, R., E. J. Hjelmeng and L. Sørgard,
Abuse of collective Dominance: the need for a new approach,
World Competition, 36 (3), pp. 355-372, 2013. - Foros, Ø. and F. Steen,
Vertical Control and Price Cycles in Gasoline Retailing,
Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 115(3), 640-661, 2013. - Kind, H.J., G. Schjelderup and F. Stähler,
Newspaper Differentiation and Investments in Journalism: The Role of Tax Policy,
Economica, 80, 131-148, 2013. - Fjell, K., Debashis P. and D.E.M. Sappington,
On the performance of endogenous access pricing,
Journal of Regulatory Economics 44 (3), pp 237-250, 2013.
- Nøstbakken, L.,
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2012
2012
- Bienz, C. and J. Hirsch,
The Dynamics of Venture Capital Contracts,
Review of Finance, 16(1), pp. 157-195, 2012. - Bragelien, I.,
Individuelle eller kollektive belønninger? - Teori, empiri og norske bankeksempler,
Praktisk økonomi & finans, 28(4), pp. 39-52, 2012. - Heinz, M., S. Juranek and H. A. Rau,
Do Women behave more reciprocally than Men? Gender Differences in Real Effort Dictator Games,
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 83 (1), pp. 105-110, 2012. - Kristiansen, E., M. Kim and B. Vale,
Life-Cycle Patterns of Interest Rate Markups in Small Firm Finance,
The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 114 (2), pp. 629-657, 2012. - Nøstbakken, L.,
Investment drivers in a fishery with tradable quotas,
Land Economics, 88, pp. 400-424, 2012. - Kvaløy, O. and T. Olsen,
The rise of individual performance pay,
Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 21(2), pp. 493-518, 2012. - Hvide, H. and E. Kristiansen,
Management of Knowledge Workers,
Journal of Law and Economics, 55 (4), pp. 815-838, 2012.
- Brekke, K., L. Siciliani and O.R. Straume,
Quality competition with profit constraints,
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 84, pp. 642-659, 2012. - Brekke, K., D.M. Dalen and S. Strøm,
Should pharmaceutical costs be curbed?,
Nordic Economic Policy Review, 2, pp. 1-27, 2012. - Brekke, K., R. Cellini, L. Siciliani and O.R. Straume,
Competition and quality in regulated markets with sluggish demand,
Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 21 (1), pp. 131-178, 2012. - Bardey, D., C. Canta and J-M. Lozachmeur,
The regulation of health care providers’ payments when horizontal and vertical differentiation matter,
Journal of Health Economics, 31, pp. 691-704, 2012. - Foros, Ø., H.J. Kind and G. Schjelderup,
Ad Pricing by Multi-Channel Platforms: How to Make Viewers and Advertisers Prefer the Same Channel?,
Journal of Media Economics, 25(3), pp. 133-146, 2012. - Kind, H.J. and Martin Peitz,
Media market concentration, advertising levels, and ad prices', Simon P. Anderson, Øystein Foros,
International Journal of Industrial Organization, 30(3), pp. 321-325, 2012. - Mathiesen, L., Ø. Anti Nilsen and L. Sørgard,
A note on upward pricing pressure: the possibility of false positives,
Journal of Competition Law & Economics 8(4), pp. 881-887, 2012.
- Bienz, C. and J. Hirsch,
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earlier
earlier
2011
- "Exploration and development of U.S. oil and gas fields, 1955-2002," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 35, pp. 891-908, 2011 (John Boyce and Linda Nøstbakken).
- “Financial Contracting under Imperfect Enforcememt” (Tore Ellingsen and Eirik Kristiansen), Quarterly Journal of Economics, 126 (2011), 323-371.
- Belønninger som styringsverktøy - når bør toppledelsen holde fingrene av fatet? Magma - Tidsskrift for økonomi og ledelse, 2011, 14(5), 31-4352 (Iver Bragelien).
- Multinationals, tax competition and outside options, Journal of Public Economics, 2011, 95(11/12), 1579-1588 (Trond Olsen and Petter Osmundsen).
- Tournaments with prize-setting agents, Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 2011, 113(3), 729-753 (Kristoffer W. Eriksen, Ola Kvaløy and Trond Olsen).
- “Optimal pricing and capacity choice for a public service under risk of interruption”, Journal of Regulatory Economics, 39 (2011), 252-272. (Adekola Oyenuga and Fred Schroyen).
- 'Reference Pricing, Competition, and Pharmaceutical Expenditures: Theory and Evidence from a Natural Experiment'. (Kurt Brekke, Tor Helge Holmås and Odd Rune Straume), Journal of Public Economics, 95 (2011), 624-638.
- 'Hospital competition and quality with regulated prices', (Kurt Brekke, Luigi Siciliani, and Odd Rune Straume), Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 113(2), 2011, 444-469.
- 'Single-Product versus Uniform SSNIPs', International Review of Law and Economics, 2011, 31, 142-146 (Ø. Daljord and L. Sørgard).
- ‘Merger simulations with observed diversion ratios’, International Review of Law and Economics, 31, 2011, 83-91. (Lars Mathiesen, Øivind Anti Nilsen and L. Sørgard).
- 'Rethinking minority share ownership and interlocking directorships - the scope for competition law intervention', European Law Review, 6, 2011, 837-860. (T.S. Gabrielsen, E. J. Hjelmeng and L. Sørgard).
- 'Mergers and Partial Ownership', Øystein Foros, Hans Jarle Kind and Greg Shaffer, European Economic Review, 55(7), 2011, 916-926.
- 'Resale Price Maintenance and Restrictions on Dominant Firm and Industry-Wide Adoption', Øystein Foros, Hans J. Kind and Greg Shaffer, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 29(2), 2011, 179-186.
- 'Foreclosure in contests', D.J. Clark, Øystein Foros and J.Y. Sand, Public Choice, 148(1-2), 2011, 215-232.
- 'Customer ignorance, price cap regulation, and rent-seeking in mobile roaming', Terje Ambjørnsen, Øystein Foros and Ole C. Wasenden, Information Economics and Policy, 23(1), 2011, 27-36.
- "Indirect taxation and tax incidence under nonlinear pricing", Sissel Jensen , International Tax and Public Finance, 18 (5) 2011, 519-532.
2010
- “Vaporware” (Jay Pil Choi, Eirik Kristiansen and Jae Nahm), International Economic Review, 51 (3) 2010, 653-669. Venture Capital Exit Rights, Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 2010, 19(4), 1071-1116 (Carsten Bienz and Uwe Walz).
- "Operational expressions for the marginal cost of indirect taxation when merit arguments matter", International Tax and Public Finance, 17 (1) 2010, pp 43-51 (Fred Schroyen).
- Company Taxation and Merger Incentives in International Oligopoly: on International Policy Coordination with Strategic Trade, Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, 2010, 10(2), 161-186 (Kjell Erik Lommerud, Trond Olsen and Odd Rune Straume).
- 'Price and quality in spatial competition' (Kurt Brekke, Luigi Siciliani and Odd Rune Straume), Regional Science and Urban Economics, 40 (2010) 471-480.
- 'Competition and quality in health care markets: a differential-game approach' (Kurt Brekke, Roberto Cellini, Luigi Siciliani, and Odd Rune Straume), Journal of Health Economics, 29 (2010) 508-523.
- 'Endogenous Average Cost Based Access Pricing', Kenneth Fjell, Øystein Foros and Debashis Pal, Review of Industrial Organization, 36(2), 2010, 149-162.
- Online advertising: Pay-per-view versus pay-per-click with market power, in Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, volume 9, nr 3, May 2010. pp. 198-203 (K. Fjell).
- ‘Tax Responses in Platform Industries’. Oxford Economic Papers, 62, 2010, 764-783. (H.J. Kind, M. Koethenbuerger and G. Schjelderup.).
- Market Shares in Two-Sided Media Industries’. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 166(2); 2010, 205-211. (H.J. Kind and F. Stähler)
2009
- Insentiver, in Verdibasert prestasjonsmåling - Strategisk økonomistyring, Universitetsforlaget, 2009, 423-44652 (Iver Bragelien).
- "Fuel versus food," Annual Review of Resource Economics 1, pp. 645-663, 2009 (Ujjayant Chakravorty, Marie-Hélène Hubert and Linda Nøstbakken).
- Endogenous Verifiability and Relational Contracting, American Economic Review, 2009, 99(5), 2193-2208 (Ola Kvaløy and Trond Olsen).
- "The values of relative risk aversion and prudence: a context-free interpretation", Mathematical Social Sciences 58 (1) 2009, pp 1-7. (Louis Eeckhoudt, Johanna Etner and Fred Schroyen).
- 'Pharmaceutical patents: Incentives for R&D or marketing?', (Kurt Brekke, Odd Rune Straume). Southern Economic Journal, 2009, 76 (2), 351-374.
- 'Regulation and pricing of pharmaceuticals: reference pricing or price cap regulation?, (Kurt Brekke, Astrid L. Grasdal and Tor Helge Holmås). European Economic Review, 53 (2009) 170-185.
- "Semicollusion", Foundations and Trends® in Microeconomics: Vol. 5: No 3 (2009) pp 153-228. Purchase or download (L. Sørgard and Frode Steen).
- 'Optimal merger policy: Enforcement vs. deterrence’ , Journal of Industrial Economics, 2009, 57, 438-456.
- 'Price-dependent profits sharing as a channel coordination device', Øystein Foros, Kåre P. Hagen and Hans J. Kind, Management Science, 55(8), 2009, 1280-1291.
- 'Text and voice: Complements, substitutes or both?', Kjetil Andersson, Øystein Foros and Frode Steen, Industrial and Corporate Change, 18(6), 2009, 1231-1247.
- 'Entry may increase network providers’ profit', Øystein Foros, Hans Jarle Kind and Jan Yngve Sand, Telecommunications Policy, 33(9), 2009, 486-494.
- 'Slotting Allowances and Manufacturers' Retail Sales Effort', Øystein Foros, H.J. Kind and J.Y. Sand, Southern Economic Journal, 76(1), 2009, 266-282.
- 'Domestic regulation and international trade', Øystein Foros, Hans Jarle Kind and Lars Sørgard, Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, 9(1), 2009, 1-16.
- 'Business models for media firms: Does competition matter for how they raise revenue?’ Hans J. Kind, Tore Nilssen and Lars Sørgard. Marketing Science 28(6); 2009, 1112-1128
- 'On Revenue and Welfare Dominance of Ad Valorem Taxes in Two-Sided Markets’ . Hans J. Kind, Marko Koethenbuerger and Guttorm Schjelderup. Economics Letters 104; 2009, 86-89.
- Online advertising: Pay-per-view or pay-per-click - A comment in Journal of Revenue and Pricing Management, April 2009, Vol.8 Issue 2/3, 200-206 (K. Fjell).
2008
- Cooperation in Knowledge-Intensive Firms, Journal of Human Capital, 2008, 2(4), 410-440 (Ola Kvaløy and Trond Olsen).
- Relative performance evaluation, agent hold-up and firm organization, Journal of the Japanese & International Economies, 2008, 22(2), 229-241 (Ola Kvaløy and Trond Olsen).
- Distorted Performance Measures and Dynamic Incentives, Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 2008, 17(1), 149-183 (Oddvar Kaarbøe and Trond Olsen).
- "Stochastic modelling of the North Sea herring fishery under alternative management regimes," Marine Resource Economics 22, pp. 65-86, 2008 (Linda Nøstbakken).
- 'Competition and waiting times in hospital markets', Journal of Public Economics, 92 (2008) 1607-1628 (Kurt Brekke, Luigi Siciliani and Odd Rune Straume).
- 'The SSNIP test and market definition with the aggregate diversion ratio: A reply to Katz and Shapiro', Journal of Competition Law and Economics, 2008, 4(2), 263-270. (Øystein Daljord, L. Sørgard and Øyvind Thomassen)
- 'Do slotting allowances harm retail competition?' (Co-author: Øystein Foros and Hans Jarle Kind), Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 110 (2), 2008, 367-384.
- 'Access regulation and strategic transfer pricing'. (Co-author: Kenneth Fjell and Øystein Foros), Management Accounting Research, 19 (1), 2008, 18-31.
- 'Efficiency-Enhancing Taxation in Two-Sided Markets.’ Hans J. Kind, Marko Koethenbuerger and Guttorm Schjelderup. Journal of Public Economics 92 (5-6); 2008, 1531-39.
- 'R&D Policies, Trade and Process Innovation’. Co-author: Jan I. Haaland and Hans J. Kind. Journal of International Economics 74(1); 2008, 170-187.
- "Two-Part Tariffs with Quality Degradation", Sissel Jensen, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 26 (2), 2008, 473-489 .
2007
- Valuing Lives Saved from Safer Food—A Cautionary Tale Revisited, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 2007, 89(5), 1176-1182 (Jason F. Shogren and Tommy Stamland).
- 'Public versus private health care in a national health service'. Health Economics, 16 (2007) 579-601 (Kurt Brekke and Lars Sørgard).
- 'Reference pricing of pharmaceuticals', Journal of Health Economics, 26 (2007) 613-642 (Kurt Brekke, Ingrid Königbauer and Odd Rune Straume).
- 'Gatekeeping in health care.' Journal of Health Economics, 26 (2007), 149-170 (Kurt Brekke, Robert Nuscheler and Odd Rune Straume).
- 'Competition for viewers and advertisers in a TV oligopoly', Journal of Media Economics, 2007, 20 (3), 211-233. (Hans Jarle Kind, Tore Nilssen and L. Sørgard)
- 'Private labels, price rivalry, and public policy'. European Economic Review, 51, 2007, 403-424. (Tommy S. Gabrielsen and L. Sørgard).
- 'The Economics of National Champions', European Competition Journal, 2007, 3(1), 49-61 (L. Sørgard).
- 'Managerial incentives and access price regulation'. (Øystein Foros, Hans Jarle Kind and Lars Sørgard), European Journal of Law and Economics, 23(2), 2007, 117-133.
- 'Price Strategies and Compatibility in Digital Networks', Øystein Foros,International Journal of the Economics of Business, 14(1), 2007, 85-97.
2006
- "R&D and buyers' waiting option", Journal of Industrial Economics vol. 56, 2006, pp. 31 – 43 (Eirik Kristiansen).
- "Regime switching in a fishery with stochastic stock and price," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 51, pp. 231-214, 2006 (Linda Nøstbakken).
- "Cost structure and capacity in the Norwegian pelagic fisheries," Applied Economics 38, pp. 1877-1887, 2006 (Linda Nøstbakken).
- Career Concerns, Monetary Incentives and Job Design, Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 2006, 108(2), 299-316 (Oddvar Kaarbøe and Trond Olsen).
- Team incentives in relational contracts, Journal of Labor Economics, 2006, 24(1), 139-169 (Ola Kvaløy and Trond Olsen).
- Consistent estimation of the value of statistical life, Resource & Energy Economics, 2006, 28(3), 262-281 (Jason F. Shogren and Tommy Stamland).
- 'Quality and location choices under price regulation.' Journal of Economics & Management Strategy,15 (2006) 207-227 (Kurt Brekke, Robert Nuscheler and Odd Rune Straume).
- 'Direct to consumer advertising in pharmaceutical markets.' Journal of Health Economics, 25 (2006) 102-130 (Kurt Brekke and Michael Kuhn).
- 'Competition and welfare: The Norwegian experience’, The Norwegian Competition Authority, Bergen, 2006 (L. Sørgard).
- 'Temporary Bottlenecks, Hydropower and Acquisitons',Scandinavian Journal of Economics , 2006, 108, 481-497. (L. Sørgard and Jostein Skaar).
- "National versus International Mergers in Unionised Oligopoly", Rand Journal of Economics, 2006, 37 (1), 212-233. (Kjell Erik Lommerud, L. Sørgard and Odd Rune Straume).
- 'Strategic Regulation Policy in the Internet'. (Øystein Foros, Hans Jarle Kind and Lars Sørgard), Journal of Regulatory Economics, 30(1), 2006, 63-84.
- How to test for abuse of dominance? European Competition Journal, volume 2, Special Issue, July 2006 (K. Fjell).
- “On the Workings of a Cartel: Evidence from the Norwegian Cement Industry”, Lars-Hendrik Röller and Frode Steen, American Economic Review, Vol. 96 (1), March 2006, pp. 321-338 (18).
- "Implementation of Competitive Nonlinear Pricing: Tariffs with Inclusive Consumption", Sissel Jensen,. Review of Economic Design, (10) 1, 2006, 9-29.
- ‘Cooperative and Non-cooperative R&D Policy in an Economic Union.’ Review of World Economics 142(4); 2006, 720-745. (J. I. Haaland and H.J. Kind)
- ‘How to test for abuse of dominance’, European Competition Journal, 2006, 2 (special issue on Article 82), 69-84, (K. Fjell and L. Sørgard).
earlier
- 'Competing for Capital in a Lumpy World.' Hans J. Kind, Karen Helene Midelfart Knarvik and Guttorm Schjelderup. Journal of Public Economics 78 (3), 2000, 253-274.
- "Semicollusion in the Norwegian cement market", European Economic Review, 1999, 43, 1775-1796. ( L. Sørgard and Frode Steen).
- 'Damaging Network Subscription'. (Øystein Foros, S. Jensen and J.Y. Sand), Communications & Strategies, 33 (1), 1999, 37-58.
- "Testing for Market Power using a Dynamic Oligopoly Model", Kjell G. Salvanes and Frode Steen, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 1999, Volume 17, Issue 2, 147-177
- "Self-reinforcing Agglomerations? An empirical Industry Study", Karen Helene Midelfart Knarvik and Frode Steen, Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Volume 101, No. 4, 1999
- "Time Schedule and Programme Profile: TV News in Norway and Denmark", Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 7, 1998, 209-235. (Tore Nilssen and L. Sørgard).
- ‘Exclusive versus common dealership’ Southern Economic Journal, 1999, 66, 353-366 (T. S. Gabrielsen and L. Sørgard)
- ‘Discount chains and brand policy’, Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 1999, 101, 127-142 (T. S. Gabrielsen and L. Sørgard)
- "Sequential Horizontal Mergers", European Economic Review, 42, 1998, 1683-1702. (Tore Nilssen and L. Sørgard)
- "Market Delineation and Demand Structure" Frank Asche, Kjell Salvanes and Frode Steen, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1997, Vol. 79, pp. 139-150.
- ‘The pro-competitive effect of two-part tariffs’, International Journal of the Economics of Business, 1998, 5, 47-55. (T. S. Gabrielsen and L. Sørgard)
- ‘Merger and product range rivalry’, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 1998, 16, 21-42. (K. E. Lommerud and L. Sørgard)
- "CO2-stabilisation may be a "no-regrets" policy: A general equilibrium analysis of the Norwegian economy", Environmental and Resource Economics, 9, 1997, 171-198. (Lars Håkonsen and Lars Mathiesen).
- ‘Transfer pricing as a strategic device for desentralized multinationals’, International Tax and Public Finance, 1997, 4, 277-290. (G. Schjelderup and L. Sørgard).
- ‘Domestic merger policy in an international oligopoly: The Nordic market for electricity’, Energy Economics, 1997, 19, 239-253. (L. Sørgard)
- ‘The takeover battle for Fjord Line’, Business Strategy Review, 1997, 8(3), 27-34. (L. Sørgard)
- ‘Judo economics reconsidered: capacity limitation, entry and collusion, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 1997, 15, 349-368. (L. Sørgard)
- A mixed oligopoly in the presence of foreign private firms, Canadian Journal of Economics, Vol. 29, no. 3, August 1996 (K. Fjell and D. Pal).
- "Testing for relative performance between seasons in a fishery", Kjell G. Salvanes and Frode Steen, Land Economics , 1994, Vol.70, No.4, pp.431-47.
- "The Impact of Unilateral OECD Carbon Taxes on the Location of Aluminium Smelting", International Journal of Global Energy Issues, 6,1994, 52-61. (With Alan S. Manne and Lars Mathiesen).
- ‘The consumer as an entrant in the Norwegian cement market’, Journal of Industrial Economics, 1993, 41, 191-204. (L. Sørgard)
- ‘Multiproduct incumbent and a Puppy Dog entrant: Some simulations for the Norwegian cement market’, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 1992, 10, 251-271. (L. Sørgard)
- "Computation of Cournot-Nash Equilibria", Operations Research, 39, 1991, 739-48. (With C.D. Kolstad and Lars Mathiesen).
- "The European Natural Gas Market. Degrees of Market Power on the Selling Side", in Golombek and Hoel (red.), Natural Gas Markets and Contracts, North Holland Publ. Co., Amsterdam, 1987. (Lars Mathiesen, K. Roland and K. Thonstad.)
- "Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Uniqueness of a Cournot Equilibrium", Review of Economic Studies LIV, 1987, 681-690. (C.D. Kolstad and Lars Mathiesen.)
- "An Algorithm based on a Sequence of Linear Complementarity Problems applied to a Walrasian Equilibrium Model: An Example", Lars Mathiesen, Mathematical Programming, 37,1987, 1-18.
- "Computation of Economic Equilibria by a Sequence of Linear Complementarity Problems", Mathematical Programming Study, 23, 1985, 144-162.
- "Computational Experience in Solving Equilibrium Models by a Sequence of Linear Complementarity Problems", Lars Mathiesen, Operations Research, 33, (1985), 1225-1250.
- "Trade liberalization and cartel stability", Review of International Economics, 2001, 9(2). 343-355, (Kjell Erik Lommerud and L. Sørgard).
- 'Competition and Compatibility among Internet Service Providers', (Co-author: Øystein Foros and B. Hansen), Information Economics and Policy, 2001, 13(4), 411-425.
- 'Connecting customers and disconnecting competitors - The facility-based firms’ strategy towards virtual operators', (Øystein Foros and B. Hansen), Journal of Network Industries, 2, 2001, 207-230.
- A Cross-Subsidy Classification Framework, Journal of Public Policy, Vol. 21, no. 3, 2001, pp.265-282. (K. Fjell)
- ‘Gains and Losses from Trade when Countries differ in Public Knowledge Stocks.’ Atlantic Economic Journal 29(3); 2001, 274-293 (H.J. Kind).
- 'Access Pricing, Quality Degradation, and Foreclosure in the Internet' (Øystein Foros, H.J. Kind and L. Sørgard), Journal of Regulatory Economics, 2002, 22(1), 59-83
- 'Demand-side Spillovers and Semi-Collusion in the Mobile Communications Market', (Øystein Foros, B. Hansen and J.Y. Sand), Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, 2(3), 2002, 259-278.
- Public Stackelberg Leadership in a Mixed Oligopoly with Foreign Firms, Australian Economic Papers, Vol. 41, no. 3, 2002, pp.267-281 (K. Fjell and John S. Heywood).
- "From a regulated duopoly to a private monopoly: The deregulation of the Norwegian airline Industry”, Lars Sørgard and Frode Steen, Swedish Economic Policy Review, 2002 (9), 191-221
- ”Vertical industry linkages: Sources of productivity gains and cumulative causation?”, Karen Helene Midelfart Knarvik and Frode Steen, The Review of Industrial Organization 2002, (21), 3-20
- ‘The Role of FDI in Economic Development.’ Co-authors: Kjetil Bjorvatn and Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås. Nordic Journal of Political Economy 28(2); 2002, 109-126. (H.J. Kind)
- ‘Causes and Effects of FDI by the Norwegian Maritime Industry.’ Co-author: Siri Pettersen Strandenes. Maritime Policy & Management 29(3); 2002, 223-239. (H.J. Kind)
- 'Endogenous Growth and Trade Liberalization between Small and Large Countries.' Review of International Economics 10(1); 2002, 151-165. (H.J. Kind)
- ‘Globalization versus Protectionism: Consequences for Long-term Growth and Welfare in the South.’ Japanese Economic Review 53(3); 2002, 274-289. (H.J. Kind)
- ‘A public firm challenged by entry: Duplication or diversity?’, Regional Science and Urban Economics, 2002, 32, 259-274 (T. Nilssen and H.J. Kind)
- "Unionized Oligopoly, Trade Liberalization and Location Choice", Economic Journal, 113, 2003, 782-800 (Kjell Erik Lommerud, Frode Meland and L. Sørgard).
- 'The Broadband Access Market: Competition, Uniform pricing and Geographical Coverage' (Co-author: Øystein Foros and H.J. Kind), Journal of Regulatory Economics, 23(3), 2003, 215-235.
- Elasticity based pricing rules - a cautionary note, Applied Economics Letters, 2003, 10, 787-791 (K. Fjell).
- “Compete, Collude or Both - Deregulation in the Norwegian airline industry”, Kjell G. Salvanes, Lars Sørgard and Frode Steen, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 37 (3) 2003, 383-416
- ‘From a regulated duopoly to a private monopoly; The deregulation of the Norwegian airline industry’, Swedish Economic Policy Review. 2003, 9(2), 191-222 (L. Sørgard and F. Steen).
- ‘Entry in Telecommunication: Customer Loyalty, Price Sensitivity and Access Prices’, Information Economics and Policy, 2003, 15(1), 55-72 (K. E. Lommerud and L. Sørgard).
- 'Competition or coordination in hospital markets with unionised labour.' International Journal of Health Care Finance & Economics 4 (2004) 65-89 (Kurt Brekke).
- 'Bilateral monopolies and location choice.' Regional Science & Urban Economics 34 (2004) 275-288, (Kurt Brekke and Odd Rune Straume).
- Are Interactive TV-pioneers and surfers different breeds? Broadband demand and asymmetric cross-price effects' (Kjetil Andersson and Kenneth Fjell and Øystein Foros), Review of Industrial Organization, 25(3), 2004, 295-316.
- 'Strategic Investments with Spillovers, Vertical Integration and Foreclosure in the Broadband Access Market', Øystein Foros, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 22(1), 2004, 1-24.
- Mixed Oligopoly, Subsidization and the Order of Firm's Moves: The Relevance of Privatization, Economics Letters 83 (2004) 411-416 (K. Fjell and John S. Heywood).
- "Climate Policy and the Steel Industry: Achieving Global Emissions Reductions by Incomplete Climate Agreement", The Energy Journal, 25, 4, 2004, 91-114. (Lars Mathiesen and O.Mæstad.)
- ‘Media Competition on the Internet.’ Topics in Economic Analysis & Policy 4 (1); 2004, 1-32. (P. P. Barros, H.J. Kind, T. Nilssen and L. Sørgard)
- ‘Consequences of Imitation by Poor Countries on International Wage Inequalities and Global Growth.’ Review of Development Economics 8(1); 2004, 47-67. (H.J. Kind)
- 'Do Internet Incumbents Choose Low Interconnection Quality' (Øystein Foros, Hans Jarle Kind and Jan Yngve Sand), Information Economics and Policy, 17(2), 2005, 149-164.
- 'Corporate Tax Systems, Multinational Enterprises and Economic Integration.’ Hans J. Kind, Karen Helene Midelfart Knarvik and Guttorm Schjelderup. Journal of International Economics 65(2); 2005, 507-521.
- Can Exclusive Territories Limit Strategic Location Downstream? Papers in Regional Science;volume 84, issue 2, 221-237, 2005;( K. Fjell and John S. Heywood).
- “Hotelling in the air? Flight departures in Norway”, Lars Sørgard, Kjell. G. Salvanes and Frode Steen, Regional Science & Urban Economics 2005, Vol. 35 (2), 193-213.
- ‘Downstream merger with upstream market power’, European Economic Review, 2005, 49, 717-743, (K. E. Lommerud, L. Sørgard and O. R. Straume).
- Self-Protection and Value of Statistical Life Estimation, Land Economics, 2005, 81(1), 100-113 (Jason F. Shogren and Tommy Stamland).
- Sharing of endogenous risk in construction, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2005, 58(4), 511-526 (Trond Olsen and Petter Osmundsen).
- "Endogenous product differentiation in credit markets: what do borrowers pay for?" (Moshe Kim, Eirik Kristiansen and Bent Vale), Journal of Banking and Finance, 2005, pp. 681-699.
- 10 bonustabber – Hvordan lære av teori og praksis? Praktisk økonomi & finans, 2005, 21(2), 25-3552 (Iver Bragelien).
- "Can a mixed health care system be desirable on equity grounds?", Scandinavian Journal of Economics 107 (1), 2005, pp 1-23. (Maurice Marchand and Fred Schroyen).
- "An alternative way to model merit good arguments", Journal of Public Economics 89 (5-6) 2005, pp 957-966 (Fred Schroyen).
- "Work requirements and long term poverty" Journal of Public Economic Theory 7 (3) 2005, pp 427-448 (Fred Schroyen and Gaute Torsvik).
- „Risk taking in selection contests" (Hans K. Hvide and Eirik Kristiansen) Games and Economic Behavior 42, (2003) 172-181.
- Bruk av lønn som styringsinstrument: Hvorfor så mange mislykkes, Magma - Tidsskrift for økonomi og ledelse, 2003, 6(2), 47-5752 (Iver Bragelien).
- Spillovers and international competition for investments, Journal of International Economics, 2003, 59(1), 211-238 (Trond Olsen and Petter Osmundsen).
- "Redistributive taxation and the household: the case of individual filings" Journal of Public Economics 87 (2003), 11, pp 2527-2547 (Fred Schroyen).
- Skill and the Value of Life, Journal of Political Economy, 2002, 110(5), 1168-1173 (Jason F. Shogren and Tommy Stamland).
- Strategic tax competition: implications of national ownership, Journal of Public Economics, 2001, 81(2), 253-277 (Trond Olsen and Petter Osmundsen).
- Discretion and Incentives in Organizations, Journal of Labor Economics, 2000, 18(3), 377-404 (Trond Olsen and Gaute Torsvik). Partially Informative Signaling, Journal of Economic Theory, 1999, 89(1), 148-161 (Tommy Stamland).
- Collusion and Renegotiation in Hierarchies: A Case of Beneficial Corruption, International Economic Review, 1998, 39(2), 413-438 (Trond Olsen and Gaute Torsvik).
- Limited Intertemporal Commitment and Job Design, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 1996, 31(3), 401-417 (Margaret A. Meyer, Trond Olsen and Gaute Torsvik).
- Agency Costs and the Limits of Integration, Rand Journal of Economics, 1996, 27(3), 479-501 (Trond Olsen).
- On Optimal Control of Income Generating Activities, and the Value of Flexible Production Design, International Review of Economics and Finance, 1996, 5(4), 349-361 (Trond Olsen and Gunnar Stensland).
- "R&D in the Presence of Network Externalities: Timing and Compatibility" RAND Journal of Economics, 29, (1998) p. 531-547 (Eirik Kristiansen).
- "Preference characterisation and indirect Allais coefficients", Annales d'Economie et de Statistique, 48, 1997, 253-274 (Fred Schroyen)..
- "Pareto efficient income taxation under costly monitoring", Journal of Public Economics, 1997, 343-366 (Fred Schroyen)..
- "Redistribution and small coalitions of friends", Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 99(3), 1997, 405-424 (Fred Schroyen)..
- "The game form approach to redistribution", Journal of Economic Surveys, 11(2), 1997, 191-219 (Fred Schroyen)..
- "Optimal fiscal and public expenditure policy in a two-class economy", Journal of Public Economics, 61, 1996, 119-137. (Mario Nava, Maurice Marchand and Fred Schroyen)
- “R&D in Markets with Network Externalities", International Journal of Industrial Organization, 14, (1996) p. 769-784 (Eirik Kristiansen).
- Intertemporal Common Agency and Organizational Design: How Much Decentralization?, European Economic Review, 1995, 39(7), 1405-1428 (Trond Olsen and Gaute Torsvik).
- The Ratchet Effect in Common Agency: Implications for Regulation and Privatization, Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, 1993, 9(1), 136-158 (Trond Olsen and Gaute Torsvik).
- Regulation of Multiagent Research and Development, Rand Journal of Economics, 1993, 24(4), 529-541 (Trond Olsen).
- Technology Adoption, Learning Spillovers, and the Optimal Duration of Patent-Based Monopolies, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 1992, 10(4), 517-543 (Paul A. David and Trond Olsen).
- Technological Diffusion in Primary Health Care, Journal of Health Economics, 1992, 11(4), 439-452 (Liv Marit Klausen, Trond Olsen and Alf Erling Risa).
- Durable Goods Monopoly, Learning by Doing and the Coase Conjecture, European Economic Review, 1992, 36(1), 157-177 (Trond Olsen).
- On Optimal Timing of Investment When Cost Components Are Additive and Follow Geometric Diffusions, Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 1992, 16(1), 39-51 (Trond Olsen and Gunnar Stensland).
- Simple Rules to Order Irreversible Income Alternatives Sequentially, Economics Letters, 1991, 35(2), 193-199 (Trond Olsen and Gunnar Stensland). Strategic Considerations in Invention and Innovation; The Case of Natural Resources Revisited, Econometrica, 1988, 56(4), 841-849 (Trond Olsen).